/* research.ilang.ai (2026-10-02): the site's own stylesheet. Paper and ink as on ilang.ai; the accent is the red of
   the mark, used the way a proof-reader uses a red pen. System type only, nothing is loaded from another host. */
:root{
  --paper:#f5f1e8;--paper-a:rgba(245,241,232,.86);--raise:#fbf8f2;--sunk:#ede7da;
  --ink:#17140f;--ink-2:#4a443a;--ink-3:#6c6457;
  --rule:rgba(23,20,15,.2);--rule-soft:rgba(23,20,15,.1);
  --mark:#c8322b;--mark-text:#a8281f;--mark-wash:rgba(200,50,43,.09);--on-mark:#fbf8f2;
  --foot:#14110d;--foot-ink:#e9e2d4;--foot-ink-2:#a69e8e;--foot-rule:rgba(233,226,212,.15);
  --code:#17140f;--code-ink:#e9e2d4;--code-dim:#a69e8e;--code-rule:rgba(233,226,212,.14);
  --plate:#fffdf8;
  --grain:url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='220' height='220'%3E%3Cfilter id='n'%3E%3CfeTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='.85' numOctaves='2' stitchTiles='stitch'/%3E%3CfeColorMatrix values='0 0 0 0 .09 0 0 0 0 .08 0 0 0 0 .06 0 0 0 .07 0'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' filter='url(%23n)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
  --f-sans:system-ui,-apple-system,"Segoe UI",Roboto,"Helvetica Neue",Arial,"PingFang SC","Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif;
  --f-display:"Sitka Banner","Sitka Display","Iowan Old Style","Palatino Linotype",Palatino,"Noto Serif",Georgia,"Noto Serif SC","Songti SC",serif;
  --f-serif:"Sitka Heading","Sitka Subheading","Iowan Old Style","Palatino Linotype",Palatino,"Noto Serif",Georgia,"Noto Serif SC","Songti SC",serif;
  --f-text:"Sitka Text","Iowan Old Style","Palatino Linotype",Palatino,"Noto Serif",Georgia,"Noto Serif SC","Songti SC",serif;
  --f-num:"Bahnschrift","DIN Alternate","DIN Condensed","sans-serif-condensed","Arial Narrow",system-ui,sans-serif;
  --f-mono:ui-monospace,"SF Mono","Cascadia Mono","JetBrains Mono","Fira Code",Consolas,Menlo,monospace;
  --pad:clamp(20px,5.4vw,96px);
  --nav-h:64px;
  --ease:cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.1,1);
  --ease-io:cubic-bezier(.65,0,.35,1);
  --cols:minmax(0,3.3fr) minmax(0,8fr);--col-gap:clamp(36px,5vw,96px);--sec-gap:clamp(44px,5.4vw,88px);--sec-pad:clamp(20px,2.2vw,30px);
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){
  :root:not([data-theme="paper"]){
    --paper:#12100c;--paper-a:rgba(18,16,12,.86);--raise:#1a1712;--sunk:#0d0b08;
    --ink:#efe8da;--ink-2:#bbb2a1;--ink-3:#938b7a;
    --rule:rgba(239,232,218,.22);--rule-soft:rgba(239,232,218,.11);
    --mark:#ee6f63;--mark-text:#f0867a;--mark-wash:rgba(238,111,99,.14);--on-mark:#12100c;
    --foot:#0b0a07;--code:#0b0a07;
    --grain:url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='220' height='220'%3E%3Cfilter id='n'%3E%3CfeTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='.85' numOctaves='2' stitchTiles='stitch'/%3E%3CfeColorMatrix values='0 0 0 0 .94 0 0 0 0 .91 0 0 0 0 .85 0 0 0 .05 0'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' filter='url(%23n)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
  }
}
:root[data-theme="ink"]{
  --paper:#12100c;--paper-a:rgba(18,16,12,.86);--raise:#1a1712;--sunk:#0d0b08;
  --ink:#efe8da;--ink-2:#bbb2a1;--ink-3:#938b7a;
  --rule:rgba(239,232,218,.22);--rule-soft:rgba(239,232,218,.11);
  --mark:#ee6f63;--mark-text:#f0867a;--mark-wash:rgba(238,111,99,.14);--on-mark:#12100c;
  --foot:#0b0a07;--code:#0b0a07;
  --grain:url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='220' height='220'%3E%3Cfilter id='n'%3E%3CfeTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='.85' numOctaves='2' stitchTiles='stitch'/%3E%3CfeColorMatrix values='0 0 0 0 .94 0 0 0 0 .91 0 0 0 0 .85 0 0 0 .05 0'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' filter='url(%23n)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
}
:lang(zh){
  --f-sans:"PingFang SC","Microsoft YaHei","Noto Sans SC",system-ui,-apple-system,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;
  --f-serif:"Noto Serif SC","Source Han Serif SC","Songti SC","STSongti-SC-Regular","PingFang SC","Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif;
  --f-display:"Noto Serif SC","Source Han Serif SC","Songti SC","STSongti-SC-Regular","PingFang SC","Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif;
  --f-text:"Noto Serif SC","Source Han Serif SC","Songti SC","STSongti-SC-Regular","PingFang SC","Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif;
}

*,*::before,*::after{box-sizing:border-box}
*{margin:0;padding:0}
html{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:calc(var(--nav-h) + 20px)}
body{
  font-family:var(--f-sans);font-size:1.0625rem;line-height:1.65;color:var(--ink);
  background:var(--paper) var(--grain);
  -webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;
  overflow-wrap:break-word;overflow-x:hidden;
}
img,svg{display:block;max-width:100%}
a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}
button{font:inherit;color:inherit;background:none;border:0;cursor:pointer}
p{text-wrap:pretty}
::selection{background:var(--mark);color:var(--on-mark)}
:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--mark);outline-offset:3px;border-radius:4px}
.skip{position:absolute;left:var(--pad);top:-60px;z-index:100;background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);padding:10px 16px;border-radius:8px;transition:top .2s}
.skip:focus{top:10px}
.nb{white-space:nowrap}

/* text link: a hairline at rest, drawn over in full from the left on hover */
.lk{background-image:linear-gradient(currentColor,currentColor),linear-gradient(var(--rule),var(--rule));background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:0 100%;background-size:0 1px,100% 1px;
  padding-bottom:2px;transition:color .25s,background-size .5s var(--ease)}
.lk:hover{color:var(--mark-text);background-size:100% 1px,100% 1px}
.arr{display:inline-block;font-style:normal;transition:transform .35s var(--ease)}
a:hover .arr{transform:translate(3px,-3px)}
a:hover .arr.fw{transform:translateX(5px)}

/* ---------- nav ---------- */
.nav{position:sticky;top:0;z-index:60;height:var(--nav-h);display:flex;align-items:center;gap:20px;padding:0 max(var(--pad),calc(50% - 820px + var(--pad)));
  background:var(--paper-a);-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(14px) saturate(140%);backdrop-filter:blur(14px) saturate(140%);
  border-bottom:1px solid transparent;transition:border-color .3s}
.nav.scrolled{border-bottom-color:var(--rule-soft)}
.brand{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:11px;font-weight:650;font-size:1.02rem;letter-spacing:.005em;margin-right:auto;padding-right:16px;white-space:nowrap}
.brand img,.f-brand img{width:30px;height:30px;border-radius:7px;background:var(--plate);border:1px solid var(--rule);padding:1px;transition:transform .5s var(--ease)}
.brand:hover img{transform:rotate(-8deg) scale(1.06)}
.nav-links{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:clamp(0px,.7vw,12px)}
.nav-links a{position:relative;font-size:.9rem;color:var(--ink-2);padding:8px 8px;transition:color .2s;white-space:nowrap}
.nav-links a::after{content:"";position:absolute;left:8px;right:8px;bottom:4px;height:1px;background:currentColor;transform:scaleX(0);transform-origin:left;transition:transform .4s var(--ease)}
.nav-links a:hover,.nav-links a.at{color:var(--ink)}
.nav-links a:hover::after,.nav-links a.at::after{transform:scaleX(1)}
.nav-links a.at::after{background:var(--mark)}
.nav-links .sep{width:1px;height:14px;background:var(--rule);margin:0 6px}
.nav-links .ext{font-size:.72em;margin-left:2px;color:var(--ink-3)}
.theme{display:inline-grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:999px;padding:2px;position:relative;flex:none}
.theme::after{content:"";position:absolute;top:-10px;right:-10px;bottom:-10px;left:-10px}
.theme span{position:relative;z-index:1;width:28px;height:24px;display:grid;place-items:center}
.theme span::before{content:"";width:9px;height:9px;border-radius:50%;border:1.5px solid var(--ink-3);transition:border-color .3s,background .3s}
.theme .t-ink::before{background:var(--ink-3)}
.theme::before{content:"";position:absolute;top:2px;left:2px;width:28px;height:24px;border-radius:999px;background:var(--ink);transition:transform .45s var(--ease)}
.theme .t-paper::before{border-color:var(--paper)}
:root[data-theme="ink"] .theme::before{transform:translateX(28px)}
:root[data-theme="ink"] .theme .t-paper::before{border-color:var(--ink-3)}
:root[data-theme="ink"] .theme .t-ink::before{border-color:var(--paper);background:var(--paper)}
@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){
  :root:not([data-theme="paper"]) .theme::before{transform:translateX(28px)}
  :root:not([data-theme="paper"]) .theme .t-paper::before{border-color:var(--ink-3)}
  :root:not([data-theme="paper"]) .theme .t-ink::before{border-color:var(--paper);background:var(--paper)}
}
.nav-toggle{display:none;width:44px;height:44px;margin-right:-10px;position:relative;flex:none}
.nav-toggle i{position:absolute;left:12px;right:12px;height:1.5px;background:var(--ink);transition:transform .4s var(--ease),top .4s var(--ease)}
.nav-toggle i:nth-child(1){top:17px}
.nav-toggle i:nth-child(2){top:25px}
.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] i:nth-child(1){top:21px;transform:rotate(45deg)}
.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] i:nth-child(2){top:21px;transform:rotate(-45deg)}
.progress{position:absolute;left:0;right:0;bottom:-1px;height:2px;background:var(--mark);transform:scaleX(0);transform-origin:left}
.no-js .theme,.no-js .nav-toggle,.no-js .progress{display:none}

/* ---------- shared layout pieces ---------- */
main{display:block}
.wrap,.container{padding-left:var(--pad);padding-right:var(--pad);max-width:1640px;margin:0 auto}
.sec-head{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:16px;font-family:var(--f-num);font-size:.8rem;letter-spacing:.14em;color:var(--ink-3);margin-bottom:clamp(24px,3.6vw,48px)}
.sec-head b{font-weight:600;color:var(--mark-text);font-size:.9rem;letter-spacing:.08em}
.sec-head i{flex:1;height:9px;border-top:1px solid var(--rule);
  background:repeating-linear-gradient(to right,var(--rule) 0 1px,transparent 1px 8px) 0 0/100% 4px no-repeat,
             repeating-linear-gradient(to right,var(--rule) 0 1px,transparent 1px 40px) 0 0/100% 9px no-repeat}

/* ---------- page head: a ruler with the address under it, then the title ---------- */
.page-hero,.hero{padding:clamp(26px,4.2vw,64px) 0 clamp(36px,5.4vw,84px)}
.page-hero>.container,.hero>.container{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}
[data-path]::before{
  content:attr(data-path);display:block;height:34px;margin-bottom:clamp(24px,4vw,58px);padding-top:15px;
  font-family:var(--f-num);font-size:.72rem;letter-spacing:.12em;line-height:1;color:var(--ink-3);white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;
  border-top:1px solid var(--rule);
  background:repeating-linear-gradient(to right,var(--rule) 0 1px,transparent 1px 8px) 0 0/100% 5px no-repeat,
             repeating-linear-gradient(to right,var(--rule) 0 1px,transparent 1px 40px) 0 0/100% 11px no-repeat}
.page-hero h1{font-family:var(--f-display);font-weight:700;font-size:clamp(2.1rem,4.6vw,4.2rem);line-height:1.03;letter-spacing:-.022em;text-wrap:balance}
.post-header h1{font-size:clamp(1.9rem,3.5vw,3.2rem);line-height:1.08;letter-spacing:-.018em}
.page-hero.term h1::before{content:"#";color:var(--mark);margin-right:.08em;font-weight:400}
.post-meta,.entry-footer,.count{font-family:var(--f-num);font-size:.8rem;letter-spacing:.11em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-3);line-height:1.5}
.post-meta,.page-hero .count{margin-top:clamp(18px,2.2vw,30px)}
.post-meta a{color:var(--ink-2)}
@keyframes rise{from{opacity:0;transform:translate3d(0,18px,0)}}
@keyframes draw{from{clip-path:inset(0 100% 0 0)}to{clip-path:inset(0 0 0 0)}}
@keyframes fade{from{opacity:0}}
.anim [data-path]::before{animation:draw 1.1s var(--ease-io) backwards}
.anim .page-hero h1,.anim .hero .display{animation:rise .75s var(--ease) backwards}
.anim .page-hero h1~*,.anim .hero .display~*,.anim .hero .plate{animation:rise .75s var(--ease) .08s backwards}
.anim .hero .tally{animation:rise .75s var(--ease) .16s backwards}

/* ---------- home: the first screen ---------- */
.hero-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:clamp(24px,4vw,64px);align-items:start}
.display{font-family:var(--f-display);font-weight:700;font-size:clamp(2.5rem,min(8.4vw,13vh),7.4rem);line-height:.98;letter-spacing:-.026em;text-wrap:balance}
.lede{font-family:var(--f-serif);font-size:clamp(1.16rem,1.75vw,1.62rem);line-height:1.42;color:var(--ink-2);max-width:31em;margin-top:clamp(20px,2.8vw,40px)}
.hero-links{list-style:none;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 26px;margin-top:clamp(20px,2.4vw,32px);font-size:.98rem}
.hero-links .arr{font-size:.8em;color:var(--ink-3)}
.plate{justify-self:start;background:var(--plate);border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:18px;padding:clamp(8px,1vw,14px);position:relative;transform:rotate(-2.5deg);transition:transform .7s var(--ease);width:clamp(150px,17vw,250px)}
.plate::before{content:"";position:absolute;top:7px;right:7px;bottom:7px;left:7px;border:1px solid rgba(23,20,15,.14);border-radius:12px;pointer-events:none}
.plate img{width:100%;height:auto}
.plate:hover{transform:rotate(0)}
.tally{list-style:none;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(118px,1fr));border-top:1px solid var(--rule);margin-top:clamp(36px,5vw,72px)}
.tally a{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:8px;padding:clamp(16px,1.8vw,24px) 14px clamp(14px,1.6vw,20px) 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);height:100%;transition:color .25s}
.tally b{font-family:var(--f-num);font-weight:600;font-stretch:87%;font-size:clamp(2.2rem,4vw,3.6rem);line-height:.92;letter-spacing:-.01em;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;transition:color .25s}
.tally span{font-family:var(--f-num);font-size:.82rem;letter-spacing:.14em;color:var(--ink-3)}
.tally a:hover b{color:var(--mark)}
.tally .more a{flex-direction:row;align-items:flex-end;justify-content:flex-start;gap:10px}
.tally .more a:hover span{color:var(--mark-text)}
@media (min-width:900px){
  .hero-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto}
  .plate{justify-self:end;margin-top:.6vw}
}

/* ---------- home: the register ---------- */
.sec{padding:clamp(36px,5vw,76px) 0}
.sec:last-of-type{padding-bottom:clamp(64px,8vw,128px)}
.reg-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:clamp(14px,2vw,24px)}
.reg-title{font-family:var(--f-serif);font-weight:700;font-size:clamp(1.7rem,2.9vw,2.6rem);line-height:1.06;letter-spacing:-.018em}
.reg-title a{transition:color .25s}
.reg-title a:hover{color:var(--mark-text)}
.reg{list-style:none;border-top:1px solid var(--rule)}
.reg a{display:grid;grid-template-columns:6.4em minmax(0,1fr) auto;gap:8px clamp(12px,2vw,28px);align-items:baseline;padding:clamp(13px,1.4vw,18px) 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);transition:background .3s}
.reg time{font-family:var(--f-num);font-size:.84rem;letter-spacing:.1em;color:var(--ink-3);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}
.reg .t{font-family:var(--f-serif);font-weight:600;font-size:clamp(1.06rem,1.45vw,1.3rem);line-height:1.28;letter-spacing:-.006em;text-wrap:balance;transition:color .25s}
.reg .arr{color:var(--ink-3)}
.reg a:hover .t{color:var(--mark-text)}
.reg a:hover .arr{color:var(--mark)}
@media (min-width:1100px){
  .reg-grid{grid-template-columns:var(--cols);column-gap:var(--col-gap)}
  .reg-title{position:sticky;top:calc(var(--nav-h) + 26px);align-self:start}
}

/* ---------- lists: a section or a tag ---------- */
.entries{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);margin-bottom:clamp(64px,8vw,128px)}
.post-entry{position:relative;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:8px;padding:clamp(22px,2.6vw,34px) 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}
.entry-header h2{font-family:var(--f-serif);font-weight:700;font-size:clamp(1.3rem,2vw,1.8rem);line-height:1.16;letter-spacing:-.014em;text-wrap:balance;transition:color .25s}
.entry-content{color:var(--ink-2);max-width:48em;line-height:1.6;font-size:1rem}
.entry-link{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0}
.post-entry:hover .entry-header h2{color:var(--mark-text)}
.entry-hint{font-family:var(--f-num);font-size:.7rem;letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--mark-text);border:1px solid var(--mark);border-radius:999px;padding:2px 8px;vertical-align:middle;margin-left:10px}
@media (min-width:1100px){
  .post-entry{grid-template-columns:var(--cols);column-gap:var(--col-gap)}
  .post-entry>*{grid-column:2}
  .post-entry>.entry-footer{grid-column:1;grid-row:1/span 3;padding-top:.55em}
}
.pagination{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;margin:-40px 0 clamp(64px,8vw,128px);font-family:var(--f-num);font-size:.84rem;letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase}
.pagination a:hover{color:var(--mark-text)}
.pagination .next{margin-left:auto}

/* ---------- running text ---------- */
.content{padding:0 0 clamp(40px,5vw,72px)}
.post-content{color:var(--ink-2)}
.post-content h2,.post-content h5{font-family:var(--f-serif);font-weight:700;font-size:clamp(1.5rem,2.1vw,1.9rem);line-height:1.14;letter-spacing:-.014em;text-wrap:balance;color:var(--ink);
  margin:var(--sec-gap) 0 clamp(14px,1.6vw,20px);padding-top:var(--sec-pad);border-top:1px solid var(--rule);scroll-margin-top:calc(var(--nav-h) + 20px);text-transform:none}
.post-content>h2:first-child,.post-content>h5:first-child{margin-top:0}
.post-content:has(>h2) h5{font-family:var(--f-num);font-weight:600;font-size:.84rem;letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-3);border-top:0;padding-top:0;margin:clamp(26px,3vw,36px) 0 10px}
.post-content h3{font-size:1.14rem;font-weight:650;line-height:1.35;letter-spacing:-.004em;color:var(--ink);margin:clamp(26px,3vw,38px) 0 10px;scroll-margin-top:calc(var(--nav-h) + 20px)}
.post-content h4,.post-content h6{font-size:1rem;font-weight:650;color:var(--ink);margin:24px 0 8px}
.post-content p{margin:0 0 1em;max-width:46em;line-height:1.7}
.post-content strong,.post-content b{color:var(--ink);font-weight:650}
.post-content ul,.post-content ol{margin:0 0 1em 1.25em;max-width:46em}
.post-content li{margin:.4em 0;padding-left:.2em;line-height:1.6}
.post-content li::marker{color:var(--mark-text)}
.post-content a{color:var(--ink);text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:var(--mark);text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-underline-offset:3px;transition:color .2s}
.post-content a:hover{color:var(--mark-text)}
.post-content code{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:.84em;background:var(--rule-soft);padding:2px 6px;border-radius:5px;font-variant-ligatures:none;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.post-content .highlight{position:relative;margin:16px 0 24px}
.post-content pre{background:var(--code)!important;color:var(--code-ink);padding:20px 24px;border-radius:12px;border:1px solid var(--rule-soft);overflow-x:auto;font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:.82rem;line-height:1.65;font-variant-ligatures:none;tab-size:2}
.post-content pre code{background:none;padding:0;color:inherit;font-size:1em;overflow-wrap:normal;border-radius:0}
.copy-code{position:absolute;top:10px;right:10px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--code-rule);color:var(--code-ink);font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:.7rem;padding:5px 11px;border-radius:7px;transition:background .2s,border-color .2s,color .2s}
.copy-code:hover{border-color:var(--code-dim)}
.copy-code.done{background:var(--mark);border-color:var(--mark);color:var(--on-mark)}
.post-content blockquote{margin:1.4em 0;padding:.1em 0 .1em 1.2em;border-left:2px solid var(--mark);font-family:var(--f-serif);font-style:italic;font-size:1.08em;color:var(--ink)}
.post-content hr{border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--rule);margin:40px 0}
.post-content img{border-radius:10px;height:auto}
.post-content table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;margin:8px 0 28px;font-size:.95rem;line-height:1.5}
.post-content th{text-align:left;padding:11px 16px 11px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);border-top:1px solid var(--rule);font-family:var(--f-num);font-weight:500;font-size:.78rem;letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-3);vertical-align:bottom}
.post-content td{padding:13px 16px 13px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule-soft);vertical-align:top}
.post-content td:first-child{color:var(--ink);font-weight:500}
.post-content th:last-child,.post-content td:last-child{padding-right:0}
.post-content tr:hover>td{background:linear-gradient(var(--mark-wash),var(--mark-wash))}
.post-content sup{font-size:.72em}

/* two columns on wide screens: the section title on the left, kept in view while its section is read. Pages written
   with h2 take those as titles; pages written with h5 labels (papers, protocol notes) take those. */
@media (min-width:1100px){
  .page-hero>.container{grid-template-columns:var(--cols);column-gap:var(--col-gap)}
  .page-hero>.container>*{grid-column:2;min-width:0}
  .page-hero>.container::before{grid-column:1/-1}
  .post-content:has(>h2),.post-content:has(>h5){display:grid;grid-template-columns:var(--cols);column-gap:var(--col-gap);align-items:start;position:relative}
  .post-content:has(>h2)>*,.post-content:has(>h5)>*{grid-column:2;min-width:0}
  .post-content:has(>h2)>h2,.post-content:not(:has(>h2))>h5{
    grid-column:1;grid-row:span 99;border-top:0;margin:var(--sec-gap) 0 0;padding:var(--sec-pad) 0 14px;
    position:sticky;top:var(--nav-h);background:var(--paper) var(--grain)}
  .post-content:has(>h2)>h2::after,.post-content:not(:has(>h2))>h5::after{
    content:"";position:absolute;left:0;right:0;top:100%;height:5em;background:var(--paper) var(--grain);pointer-events:none}
  .post-content:has(>h2)>h2+*,.post-content:not(:has(>h2))>h5+*{margin-top:calc(var(--sec-gap) + var(--sec-pad))}
  .post-content:has(>h2)>h2:first-child,.post-content:not(:has(>h2))>h5:first-child{margin-top:0}
  .post-content:has(>h2)>h2:first-child+*,.post-content:not(:has(>h2))>h5:first-child+*{margin-top:var(--sec-pad)}
  .post-content:has(>h2)>h2+*::before,.post-content:not(:has(>h2))>h5+*::before{
    content:"";position:absolute;left:0;right:0;margin-top:calc(-1 * var(--sec-pad));border-top:1px solid var(--rule);pointer-events:none}
  .post-content:has(>h2)>h2+p,.post-content:not(:has(>h2))>h5+p{padding-top:.36em}
  .post-content:has(>h2)>h2+p::before,.post-content:not(:has(>h2))>h5+p::before{margin-top:calc(-1 * var(--sec-pad) - .36em)}
  .post-content:has(>h2)>h2+ul,.post-content:not(:has(>h2))>h5+ul,.post-content:has(>h2)>h2+ol,.post-content:not(:has(>h2))>h5+ol{padding-top:.3em}
  .post-content:has(>h2)>h2+ul::before,.post-content:not(:has(>h2))>h5+ul::before,.post-content:has(>h2)>h2+ol::before,.post-content:not(:has(>h2))>h5+ol::before{margin-top:calc(-1 * var(--sec-pad) - .3em)}
  .has-rail .progress{display:none}
}

/* ---------- the foot of a page: its tags ---------- */
.post-footer{padding-bottom:clamp(64px,8vw,128px)}
.post-tags,.terms-tags{list-style:none;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px}
.post-tags{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);padding-top:var(--sec-pad)}
.post-tags a,.terms-tags a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:999px;padding:6px 14px;font-size:.9rem;color:var(--ink-2);transition:border-color .3s,color .3s,background .3s,transform .4s var(--ease)}
.post-tags a::before{content:"#";color:var(--mark-text)}
.post-tags a:hover,.terms-tags a:hover{border-color:var(--mark);color:var(--ink);background:var(--raise);transform:translateY(-2px)}
@media (min-width:1100px){.post-tags{padding-left:calc((100% - var(--col-gap)) * .29204 + var(--col-gap))}}

/* ---------- tags ---------- */
.terms-tags{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);padding-top:var(--sec-pad);margin-bottom:clamp(64px,8vw,128px)}
.terms-tags a{padding:7px 8px 7px 15px;font-size:.95rem;color:var(--ink)}
.terms-tags sup{font-size:1em;vertical-align:baseline;top:0;position:static}
.terms-tags a>sup{font-family:var(--f-num);font-size:.76rem;min-width:24px;height:24px;border-radius:999px;display:grid;place-items:center;background:var(--mark-wash);color:var(--mark-text);padding:0 7px}
.terms-tags strong{font-weight:500}
@media (min-width:1100px){.terms-tags{padding-left:calc((100% - var(--col-gap)) * .29204 + var(--col-gap))}}

/* ---------- archive ---------- */
.archive{margin-bottom:clamp(64px,8vw,128px)}
.archive-year{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);padding:var(--sec-pad) 0 clamp(20px,3vw,44px);display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);row-gap:0}
.archive-year-header{font-family:var(--f-num);font-weight:600;font-stretch:87%;font-size:clamp(2.6rem,5vw,4.4rem);line-height:.9;letter-spacing:-.01em;scroll-margin-top:calc(var(--nav-h) + 20px);margin-bottom:14px}
.archive-header-link:hover{color:var(--mark)}
.archive-month{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:6px;padding:14px 0}
.archive-month+.archive-month{border-top:1px solid var(--rule-soft)}
.archive-month-header{font-family:var(--f-num);font-weight:500;font-size:.8rem;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-3);scroll-margin-top:calc(var(--nav-h) + 20px)}
.archive-entry{position:relative;padding:7px 0}
.archive-entry-title{font-family:var(--f-serif);font-weight:600;font-size:clamp(1.04rem,1.4vw,1.24rem);line-height:1.3;transition:color .25s;text-wrap:balance}
.archive-entry:hover .archive-entry-title{color:var(--mark-text)}
@media (min-width:1100px){
  .archive-year{grid-template-columns:var(--cols);column-gap:var(--col-gap)}
  .archive-year>.archive-month{grid-column:2}
  .archive-year-header{grid-row:1/span 30;position:sticky;top:calc(var(--nav-h) + 22px);align-self:start}
  .archive-month{grid-template-columns:9em minmax(0,1fr)}
  .archive-month-header{padding-top:.75em}
}

/* ---------- not found ---------- */
.not-found h1{font-size:clamp(2rem,3.6vw,3.2rem)}
.not-found p{margin-top:16px;font-size:1.1rem;color:var(--ink-2)}
.not-found .back{margin-top:26px;font-size:1rem}
.not-found>.container::after{content:"404";font-family:var(--f-num);font-weight:600;font-stretch:87%;font-size:clamp(6rem,21vw,17rem);line-height:.8;letter-spacing:-.02em;color:var(--mark);order:-1;margin:0 0 .16em -.04em}
.not-found>.container::before{order:-2}
@media (min-width:1100px){.not-found>.container::after{grid-column:1;grid-row:2/span 4;order:0;margin:-.02em 0 0 -.04em;font-size:clamp(9rem,15vw,15rem)}}

/* ---------- footer ---------- */
.footer{background:var(--foot);color:var(--foot-ink-2);padding:clamp(48px,7vw,96px) 0 calc(36px + env(safe-area-inset-bottom));font-size:.92rem;line-height:1.6}
.footer .wrap{padding-left:var(--pad);padding-right:var(--pad)}
.footer-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,3fr) repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:clamp(24px,3vw,56px)}
.f-brand{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:11px;color:var(--foot-ink);font-weight:650;font-size:1.02rem}
.f-brand img{border-color:transparent}
.footer-about{margin-top:16px;max-width:30em;line-height:1.75}
.footer-col-title{display:block;color:var(--foot-ink);font-family:var(--f-num);font-weight:500;font-size:.8rem;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:14px}
.footer-grid ul{list-style:none}
.footer-grid li a{display:block;padding:5px 0;transition:color .2s,transform .4s var(--ease)}
.footer-grid li a:hover{color:var(--foot-ink);transform:translateX(4px)}
.footer-bottom{margin-top:clamp(40px,6vw,72px);padding-top:24px;border-top:1px solid var(--foot-rule);display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:space-between;gap:8px 24px;font-size:.82rem}
.footer-bottom a{color:var(--foot-ink);background:linear-gradient(var(--foot-rule),var(--foot-rule)) 0 100%/100% 1px no-repeat;padding-bottom:1px;transition:color .2s}
.footer-bottom a:hover{color:#f0867a}
@media (max-width:760px){
  .footer-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:30px 20px}
  .footer-grid>.f-about{grid-column:1/-1}
  .footer-grid li a{padding:8px 0}
}

/* ---------- the rail on long pages: a ruler that shows where you are, read as 0.00 to 1.00 ---------- */
.rail{position:fixed;left:max(14px,calc(var(--pad)/2 - 18px),calc(50vw - 820px + var(--pad)/2 - 18px));top:calc(var(--nav-h) + 28px);bottom:28px;width:44px;z-index:40;display:none;pointer-events:none;transition:opacity .4s}
.rail::before{content:"";position:absolute;left:0;top:0;bottom:22px;width:9px;border-left:1px solid var(--rule);
  background:repeating-linear-gradient(to bottom,var(--rule) 0 1px,transparent 1px 8px) 0 0/4px 100% no-repeat,
             repeating-linear-gradient(to bottom,var(--rule) 0 1px,transparent 1px 40px) 0 0/9px 100% no-repeat}
.rail a{position:absolute;left:14px;transform:translateY(-50%);font-family:var(--f-num);font-size:.68rem;letter-spacing:.08em;color:var(--ink-3);line-height:1;padding:4px;pointer-events:auto;transition:color .3s,opacity .3s;white-space:nowrap}
.rail a.cur,.rail a:hover{color:var(--mark-text)}
.rail a.dim{opacity:0}
.rail a.dim:hover{opacity:1}
.rail a:hover{z-index:1;background:var(--paper)}
.rail a::after{content:attr(data-t);position:absolute;left:100%;top:50%;transform:translate(-4px,-50%);margin-left:6px;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:7px;background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);font-family:var(--f-sans);font-size:.78rem;letter-spacing:0;white-space:nowrap;opacity:0;pointer-events:none;transition:opacity .2s,transform .3s var(--ease)}
.rail a:hover::after{opacity:1;transform:translate(0,-50%)}
.rail u{position:absolute;left:-1px;top:0;width:3px;height:20px;margin-top:-10px;background:var(--mark);will-change:transform;text-decoration:none}
.rail.away{opacity:0}
.rail.away a{pointer-events:none}
.rail output{position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0;font-family:var(--f-num);font-size:.68rem;letter-spacing:.08em;color:var(--mark-text);line-height:1;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}
@media (min-width:1180px) and (min-height:560px) and (hover:hover){.js .rail{display:block}}
.anim .rail{animation:fade .6s .7s backwards}

/* ---------- small screens ---------- */
@media (max-width:860px){
  .nav-toggle{display:block}
  .nav-links{position:fixed;top:var(--nav-h);left:0;right:0;height:calc(100vh - var(--nav-h));height:calc(100dvh - var(--nav-h));background:var(--paper) var(--grain);
    flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch;gap:0;padding:8px var(--pad) calc(28px + env(safe-area-inset-bottom));overflow-y:auto;
    visibility:hidden;opacity:0;transform:translateY(-10px);transition:opacity .35s var(--ease),transform .45s var(--ease),visibility 0s .45s}
  .nav-links.open{visibility:visible;opacity:1;transform:none;transition:opacity .35s var(--ease),transform .45s var(--ease),visibility 0s}
  .nav-links a{font-family:var(--f-serif);font-weight:600;font-size:1.5rem;color:var(--ink);padding:13px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule-soft);display:flex;align-items:baseline;justify-content:space-between;gap:14px;
    opacity:0;transform:translateY(14px);transition:opacity .5s var(--ease),transform .6s var(--ease)}
  .nav-links a::after{display:none}
  .nav-links a.at{color:var(--mark-text)}
  .nav-links.open a{opacity:1;transform:none;transition-delay:calc(.06s + var(--i)*40ms)}
  .nav-links .ext{font-family:var(--f-sans);font-size:.9rem}
  .nav-links .sep{display:none}
  .no-js .nav-links{display:none}
}
@media (max-width:768px){
  .post-content table{display:block;max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto}
  .post-content pre{padding:16px}
  .post-content tr:hover>td{background:none}
  .reg a{grid-template-columns:5.2em minmax(0,1fr) auto}
  /* a table whose cells the script has labelled is read row by row, each row a card */
  .post-content table.stack{display:block;overflow:visible}
  .post-content table.stack thead{display:none}
  .post-content table.stack tbody,.post-content table.stack tr,.post-content table.stack td{display:block;width:auto}
  .post-content table.stack tr{border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:12px;margin:0 0 12px;padding:12px 16px;background:var(--raise)}
  .post-content table.stack td{border:0;padding:5px 0}
  .post-content table.stack td::before{content:attr(data-label);display:block;font-family:var(--f-num);font-size:.7rem;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-3);margin-bottom:1px}
  .post-content table.stack td:first-child{font-weight:650;font-size:1.02rem}
}

/* ---------- motion ---------- */
::view-transition-old(root),::view-transition-new(root){animation:none;mix-blend-mode:normal}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){
  html{scroll-behavior:auto}
  *,*::before,*::after{transition-duration:.01ms!important;animation-duration:.01ms!important;transition-delay:0s!important;animation-delay:0s!important}
}
@media print{
  .nav,.footer,.rail,.skip{display:none}
  body{background:#fff;color:#000}
}